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Interestingly, a decrease in the maternal weight and an increase in pregnancy loss was reported at a dose of 50 mg/kg/d in Long Evans rats (Salazar et al., 2004).
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No significant differences were detected in the maternal weight gain or in maternal weight at term between the groups exposed to NaAsO2 and the nonexposed females (P > 0.05).
This correlates well with the decrease in maternal weight.
This decrease in maternal weight can be correlated to decrease in diet consumption and water intake.
On the other hand, 250 mg/kg/d caused a decrease in maternal weight gain and food consumption in other studies (Ema et al., 1996a, b).
Based on clinical signs and a decrease in maternal weight gain at 400 mg/kg/day, the NOAEL for maternal toxicity is considered to be 200 mg/kg/day.
Exposures led to decreases in maternal weight gain, weight gain in offspring and increased mortality rates in pups prior to weaning (11).
This study also reported decreased pup weights at doses from 0.5% in the diet, decreased maternal weight at 1% in the diet as well as decreased ovarian weight and decreased survival of pups at 1.5% in the diet (Waterman et al., 2000).
In the present investigation, the STZ-induced diabetic pregnant mice showed a significant decrease in maternal body weight gain after 18 days of gestation compared with control group.
Previous work with this model has demonstrated significant increases in maternal leptin levels, decreases in maternal insulin sensitivity, and increases in maternal weight gain starting with the second year of maternal HFD exposure, and these changes persist and become greater through year four [47].
Schiessel et al. assessed 695,707 mother-infant pairs in Bavaria and found an increase in maternal weight gain yet a decrease in BW of nineteen grams [ 15].
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