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An increase of 10percentt in LEP peers, approximately one student per grade, is associated with a 1.1percentt standard deviation decrease in reading test scores and a 0.7percentt standard deviation decrease in mathematics test scores.
If we assume that facing poverty results in a 40 points decrease in reading achievement,4 a difference in poverty of γ = −2.5/−40 = 0.0625 between children who did not attend and those who did attend preschool for at least 3 years would eliminate the significant effect in Sweden.
Children with cotinine values ≤1 ng/mL (< 80th percentile) had an average 5.0-point decrease in reading scores for each 1-ng/mL increase in serum cotinine compared with an average 0.8-point decrease in reading scores for children with cotinine values above 1 ng/mL (> 80th percentile).
Rehabilitation implications are that if contour interactions are the main cause for a decrease in reading ability, efforts should be directed at designing reading material in such a way that contour interaction effects are minimized.
Although the greatest decrease in reading scores was observed among children with higher cotinine levels (range, 3 15 ng/mL), there was a greater proportional change in reading scores per unit of cotinine exposure at levels in the range of 0.1 1 ng/mL.
There was a significant increase in reader confidence accompanied by a significant decrease in reading time.
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(D ) a – d Representative regions showing significant decrease in reads in H3K9me3 ChIP on ORCA KD compared to the control.
With a 16-fold decrease in read length (from 2000 to 125), the fraction of correct assignments is halved.
The rate of decrease in read mapping success was very similar for low and high divergence read pools (Table 1, Additional file 3).
We refer to an increase or decrease in read counts between time points for a gene as an increase or decrease in expression of the gene.
Gains and losses were defined by a two-fold increase or decrease in reads, whereas amplification was determined by a four-fold increase.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com