It should further be noted that the increase in mass due to oxygen incorporation and the decrease in mass due to production of volatile oxidation products were minor; in fact, the mass of the oxidized products decreased in approximately 0.01 0.03 wt% compared to the mass of the initial asphaltenes feed.
Custom, precision, manufacturing methods now allow novel heat exchangers (HXs) to operate in the laminar-flow regime which has enabled the recent production of high-effectiveness, gas-to-gas, cryogenic exchangers with a factor-of-four decrease in mass relative to comparable high-performance exchangers.
Accumulation of strongly adsorbing species at the electrode surface is accompanied by a decrease in mass, relative to the background electrolyte, and the rate of this increase is an indication of how rapidly the surface becomes covered by adsorbates.
In addition we used the brain/body mass scaling relationships [(brain descendant - brain ancestor)/(body descendant-body ancestor)] during the 10 decreases in brain mass to estimate the decrease in brain mass expected for the observed decrease in body mass for each ancestor and body mass.
Every decrease in mass therefore has to be compensated by higher intensity of UV light in order to achieve the same phase shift.
The decrease in mass transfer is contrary to the result that would be expected in steady flows given by Taylor dispersion.
The results show that although coalescence decreases mass transfer rate from bubbles the deformable bubble generated can, in certain cases, balance the decrease in mass transfer rate due to the reduction in superficial area.
The TiO2/Pt electrodes that were modified with NiO and/or Co3O4 exhibited higher average currents and a lower decrease in mass during electrolysis compared to the other electrodes; this finding indicated that NiO and Co3O4 play important roles as catalysts.
The observed improvement in fuel cell performance was attributed to a decrease in mass transfer voltage losses (permeability and diffusion), due to an increased pressure drop.
Finally, as the smoke is exhausted from the syringe and the next diluted puff enters the chamber over 8 seconds, a slight decrease in mass is observed, probably due to evaporation of some smoke vapour phase components from the surface of the crystal caused by the increase in airflow, momentarily reducing the mass.
