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Improvements in health care and living conditions together with a decrease in fertility rates, have contributed to the ageing of the population and a severe demographic redistribution [ 1, 2].
Increases in longevity resulting from improvements in health care and living conditions together with a decrease in fertility rates have contributed to a shift towards an aged population profile.
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The older age group had the largest percentage increase (3.4%) in fertility rates in 2015, the figures show, while the younger age group had the largest percentage decrease (7.1%), continuing a decline that has been taking place since 1999.
The target reductions in fertility rates were reached long ago.
During the last several decades, global family planning programs have contributed to an increase in contraceptive prevalence and to a decrease in total fertility rates (TFRs) worldwide.
One percent increase in fertility rate will decrease the migration around 8.5%.
In Brazil, an increase in life expectancy and a decrease in the fertility rate have led to a significant aging population.
Firstly, due to a decrease in the fertility rate – which fell from 4.8 live children per woman in 1980 to 2.4 in 2000 – demand for gynaecological and obstetric, as well as paediatric care, clearly begins to decline.
The country also experienced a decrease in the fertility rate of 6.2 children to 4.3 during the same period.
Because of the limited sample size and the relatively small decrease in the fertility rate, these effects require cautious interpretation and further investigation for confirmation.
Greek population is aging constantly due to decrease of fertility rates in the past thirty years; birth rates are stretching to equality with death rates, counting 10.5 births per 1000 population while life expectancy is of 80.1 years on average and 82.1 for women.
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