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The decrease in bone volume and increase in tibial yellow bone marrow suggest that cadmium inhibits differentiation of mesenchymal cells to osteoblasts, favoring differentiation into adipocytes.
Measurements of cancellous architecture corresponded to previous studies reporting a decrease in bone volume fraction, an increase in trabecular separation, and a decrease in trabecular number in the proximal tibia due to estrogen deficiency.
Compared to ambulatory controls, 2 weeks of unloading resulted in a 66% increase in the percentage of apoptotic osteocytes in the trabecular metaphysis, a 14% increase in osteoclast number and a 48% decrease in bone volume.
The results have shown that the regenerated bone tissue remodels over time, as indicated by a significant decrease in bone volume, total volume, and connectivity density combined with an increase in mineral density.
Histology showed a decrease in bone volume and bone connectivity with repeated osteoblast depletion; however, this was accompanied by an increase in bone formation rate.
We observed a significant decrease in bone volume and cortical thickness in Wwox KO mice compared to WT and HETs.
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Furthermore, this analysis revealed significant decreases in bone volume fraction, bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular thickness, and marrow area (Table 1, Figure S1B).
Slight decreases in bone volume fractions were observed in both ABM/P-15 groups after seven days.
Articular fracture has been reported to induce decreases in bone volume fraction and bone mineral density in the periarticular tibial plateau [ 15, 19, 25].
Human studies have correlated increases in MAT accumulation with decreases in cortical bone, 100 low bone mineral density, 101 decreases in bone volume, 102 decreased bone formation rate, 102 osteoporosis, and osteopenia.
In the aged group, Wrn −/−, Terc −/− and Wrn −/−Terc −/− mice had statistically significant decreases in bone volume (46.4%, 84.9% and 69.8%, respectively) compared with aged WT.
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