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Table 4 Inter-temporal decomposition of changes in trade in value added Total changes (mil.
However, the conventional decomposition of changes in ULC dismisses this indirect impact of wage on ULC through labor productivity.
Table 4 presents the results of the inter-temporal decomposition of changes in trade in value added between the four regions based on Eq. 6.
Counterfactual decomposition of changes in wage distributions using quantile regression, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 20, 445 65.] to analyze the gender gap across log wage distributions.
This study proposes an alternative decomposition of changes in the ULC into three components; these are two factor-price effects (user cost of capital and wage) and a technical change effect.
Table 2 Decomposition of changes in unit labor cost, 1995 2006 ULC (Conventional decomposition) Wage User cost Technology Wage Labor Whole economy Mean 2.33 2.48 0.76 −0.92 3.85 −1.52 Std.
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Fig. 3 Decomposition of change in TSR between 2003 and 2043.
The latter can be further decomposed into the effects of cohort turnover (( mathrm{c}mathrm{t} )), migration at working ages (( mathrm{mg} )), and mortality at working ages (( mathrm{m}mathrm{t} )). Figure 3 presents the two-step decomposition of change in the TSR during the whole study period (similar sets of maps for each of the decades can be found in the Appendix, Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9).
To measure the level of inequity in inpatient utilization over time, the concentration index, decomposition of the concentration index, and decomposition of change in the concentration index are employed.
In order to explain changes in income-related inequality in health service utilization over time, the method of decomposition of change in concentration index, as proposed by Wagstaff [ 26], is used to decompose the change of concentration index in inpatient utilization from 2003 to 2008.
Finally, we borrow from the literature on decomposing poverty indices using the Shapley value concept [ 12] to provide decompositions of changes in total self-rated health poverty in Britain between 1991 and 2008 into changes in subgroups' population shares and changes in health poverty levels within subgroups.
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