Turnover on the New York Stock Exchange fell to 896 million shares, as advancing issues outnumbered declines, 1,664 to 1,256.
Habitat loss is the primary driver of terrestrial biodiversity declines [1] [3].
Human settlement, clearing for agriculture, and conversion of forests to tree plantations account for most of these declines [1].
Landscape fragmentation and the construction of man-made barriers to movement are widely considered to have contributed to such declines [1], [2], [5].
Locally rare species may represent threatened habitats or potentially demographically and genetically disjunct populations or subspecies [2], [3], [5], [7], [10], [13], [25] [30] and could represent an early-warning system of regional declines [1], [2], [10], [31].
Spatial heterogeneity in risk of malaria infection is regarded as a significant driver of the basic reproduction rate of transmission in any endemic area but becomes increasingly important as the overall intensity of transmission declines [1] [4].
Several high-mortality disease outbreaks among carnivore populations have demonstrated the potential for pathogen-induced population declines [1] [6] and have emphasized the role of infectious disease in carnivore conservation [7], [8].
Developed countries have experienced substantial heart disease burden reductions over the last several decades, and recent studies have found that both population-level risk factor reduction and clinic-base primary care treatments for those already affected, are equally responsible for these declines [ 1, 9- 12].
