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Medical developments, demographic changes and socio-economic improvements led to dramatic declines in local age-standardized TB notifications and mortality rates by 56% and 84% between 1960 and 1980, however the decline in notifications has slowed since the late 1980s [5], [6].
With regard to region of birth, those born in Spain presented a decline in notifications, which led to an increase in the relative proportions of foreign-born individuals, the most common of which were people born in Latin American and Caribbean countries.
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Statistically significant declines in notifications were evident across all analyzed population subgroups, although the magnitude of the declines varied (Technical Appendix).
Declines in notification rates through the 1960s and 1970s have slowed since the 1980s to the current level of around 82 cases per 100 000 population.
Conversely, the smallest declines in notification rates comparing the 2008 rate with the average annual rate for 2002 2006 were seen in rural populations (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.62 0.70), in the 0 4 and the >80 years-of-age groups (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.59 0.67, and RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.53 0.70 respectively) and in Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.44 0.55) (Technical Appendix).
A marked decline in campylobacteriosis notifications was observed during 2007 and 2008 177).
The marked decline in campylobacteriosis notifications during 2007 2008 is evident, while over this same period, salmonellosis, cryptosporidiosis, and yersiniosis rates remained relatively stable During the study period 2005 2008, 572 human C. jejuni isolates and 811 food and environmental isolates were collected (and had complete MLST profiles available).
In Central Australia there has been no clear decline in rotavirus notification rates despite the introduction of routine infant vaccination with Rotarix®.
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Previous research has shown that within the period 1996 2011, a declining trend in notification rates was associated with vaccination measures for only those age-groups eligible for vaccination, i.e., up to ages 4 6 years [ 2].
Second, if we have omitted factors predicting declines in case notifications that are also correlated with DOTS coverage, our estimate of the impact of DOTS on case detection would be biased downward.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com