However, more recent data indicates a worrying decline in this loyalty (pdf).
When the quality of an institution or a political system decreases, its members can withdraw ("exit"), improve the situation through direct action ("voice"), or passively accept the decline in conditions ("loyalty").
"The decline in unquestioning loyalty implies that the Chinese government may have a harder time relying on nationalism to rally the public without also delivering security and prosperity," Jessica Chen Weiss, a China-focussed political scientist at Cornell University, wrote to me in an e-mail.
I listed them in a previous blog, but they include... a decline in tribal loyalty.
Although this result seems to suggest that loan clinics experienced a decline in client loyalty, further examination indicates that it stems from more clients reporting that they "sometimes" use the clinic.
Further, the decline in client loyalty at clinics receiving loans could be explained by new clients who encountered declining quality at government clinics due to a sudden influx of patients and are now considering loan clinics as an alternative source of care.
A classic in economic analysis, Albert O Hirschmann's Exit, Voice and Loyalty explored a theory of loyalty in response to decline in organizations by asking when consumers (or voters) choose to respond with exit and when they choose voice [ 79].
A broader work was "Exit, Voice and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations and States," published in 1970.
The terminology comes from Albert O. Hirschman's 1970 classic Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States.
