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Caring for someone with a chronic condition can be a risk factor as it can impact on functioning or lead to an acceleration of decline in functionality (Vitaliano, Young, & Zhang, 2004).
There is associated decline in functionality and reduced independence, plus increased risk of injury and joint stiffness [ 17].
This decline in functionality might be either due to factors that actively inhibit successful tissue regeneration or due to the absence of promoting factors in the elderly.
In addition the 3 patients who had corticosteroids withheld experienced no significant decline in functionality, two had ECOG scores of zero and one had an ECOG score of 1.
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The results further support the idea that cell depolarisation indicates a decline in cell functionality due to energy depletion, but does not involve cell death.
Moreover, the age-related decline in the functionality of the immune system (immunosenescence) [5] is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammatory status (inflammageing) [6] [8].
Several studies have reported a decline in HSC functionality and a differentiation bias toward myelopoiesis with age.
We therefore explored the possibility that the bet-1 lf and smo-1 lf mutants are experiencing a decline in muscle functionality.
Huang et al. conclude that the decline in p53 functionality in senescent cells is due to changes in upstream signaling that ultimately leads to destabilization of p53 and abrogated signaling.
During coral exposure to elevated temperatures, the photosynthetic machinery of endosymbotic dinoflagellates is susceptible to heat impairment [ 45, 47], especially the D1 protein [ 48, 49], resulting in a decline in PSII functionality [ 50, 51].
Expression of all of these genes was substantially downregulated in aged versus young cTECs (Fig. 4A; see supplementary material Fig. S5 for gating strategy for flow cytometric analysis and sorting of TEC subsets, and validation), consistent with an age-related decline in TEC functionality.
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