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Several transcription factors have been suggested to regulate phenotypic modulation of SMCs but the decisive mechanisms remain unknown.
Most likely, one of the decisive mechanisms in this regulatory circuit is the consumption of IL-2 by the CD28SA activated Treg cells [30], [31], leading to growth-factor withdrawal and apoptosis [32] of the effector cells, and to further functional activation of the Treg cells.
Metabolism is regulated at multiple-levels with abundance and expression of the metabolic enzymes being one of the most decisive mechanisms.
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Raman scattering measurements with different excitation sources have revealed that the excitation energy is the decisive mechanism on the nature of the Raman scattering spectrum.
Under longitudinal compressive loading, periodically layered composites are prone to micro-buckling, which is often the decisive mechanism determining their strength.
Local activation of MMPs is also closely associated with progression of cancer although the decisive mechanism is unknown (Bauvois, 1825).
Activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in response to the combination treatment, as evident by cytochrome c release and cleavage of caspase-9, potentially represents a parallel cellular process triggered by bortezomib but is unlikely to be the decisive mechanism of cell death.
Fatigue crack initiation and following crack propagation are here the decisive failure mechanisms.
The iTreg and Teff transcriptome profiling suggested FoxO family and FoxM1 transcription factor pathways as decisive molecular mechanisms regulating iTreg development and activation of Teffs, respectively.
Decisive pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to the in vivo ischemia/reperfusion injury to the liver are mediated or enhanced by endothelial and Kupffer cells, i.e. by liver cells other than hepatocytes [ 35, 48].
Aiming to decode the molecular mechanisms decisive for melanoma resistance, we took advantage of large and differentiated tumor spheroids which, when integrated into organotypic skin reconstructs, histologically show high similarity to primary cutaneous human melanoma metastases.
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