Securing effective science advice depends upon creating effective institutions with clear mandates that integrate expertise into decision making.
With the disappearance of the European Commission's chief scientist, Europe has an opportunity to discuss how it might make better use of expertise in decision making.
The good news for science advisers in the 21st century is that there exists a rich and growing field of research on practical questions that lie at the intersection of expertise and decision making.
As the volume and quality of African research grows, more attention is being paid to how it is being used, and what structures exist to bring evidence and expertise into decision making.
Combining adult and paediatric expertise enables complex decision making including access to treatment options, for example, newer off-label agents.
Participatory and dialogue based processes are available to combine scientific or practical expertise with policy and decision making.
Simon won a Nobel Prize in economics in 1978 for theories of decision making that turn on the nature of human expertise.
Item 9 was designed to assess knowledge and skills associated with integration of clinical expertise into evidence-based clinical decision making.
As concern grows about the cost effectiveness of treatment at end-of-life, nursing expertise and advocacy become significant factors in decision making.
Sometimes it is appropriate to give each partner a degree of control over their areas of expertise, then require majority votes for other decision making.
