Based on IDT, four factor theory, and previous research, we considered that deceivers may try too hard to cover up what they perceive to be deceptive cues.
Due to the temporal immediacy of the crime in relation to the 911 call, there may also be more active stress on the caller, in turn causing the caller to display more deceptive cues.
Our relatively simple experiments thus far have demonstrated that bumble bee preference in M. guttatus can be independent of reward quality and have suggested that its flowers use highly interactive and perhaps even deceptive cues in attracting its pollinators.
The RT in Truthful conditions were significant shorter than in deceptive conditions (cue-target [ F 2,30) = 4.933, p < 0.05], target-cue [ F 2,30) = 5.025, p < 0.05]).
Response-locked ERP showed that both deceptive conditions in cue-target and target-cue procedures elicited medial frontal negativities.
A significant main effect was found between cue-target and target-cue deceptive procedures in mean amplitude [ F 2,30) = 9.922, p < 0.01].
In addition, no significant difference was found between the deceptive conditions in cue-target and target-cue procedures; but the difference between these two conditions was found in ERP results.
Peak latencies were also compared between deceptive conditions in cue-target and target-cue procedures, however, no significant difference was found in peak latencies between these two procedures [ F 2,30) = 1.021, p > 0.05].
Both deceptive and truthful cue stimuli were intention process, they all required participants to respond according to the stimuli.
Therefore, the higher medial frontal negativity in the deceptive condition in cue-target procedure compared with the deceptive condition in target-cue procedure indicates that the participants engaged more attention resource in monitoring and detecting conflict situations.
In the deceptive condition of cue-target procedure, sources were identified in three clusters;, while in target-cue procedures, only one cluster was found.
