Computer technology can effectively collapse physical distance by enabling asynchronous communication and decentralized participation (4).
Thus, insofar as current or future de facto program implementation involves decentralized, voluntary grassroots participation, SLCP represents an important departure from "business as usual" in how China manages its forest resources.
This and other research illustrate the role of citizen participation, decentralized planning and the inclusion of diverse knowledge sources in mitigating environmental risks.
For example, the Slum Networking project in Ahmedabad, India, has addressed physical, social, and economic development needs utilizing decentralized governance (i.e., participation by stakeholders from the public, private, and nongovernmental sectors) and community participation models (Das and Takahashi 2009).
"We will draw people in through a compelling media site that encourages participation via our decentralized platform.
This health care proposal was grounded on the principles of it being public, universal, comprehensive, equal, decentralized and involving social control and participation.
Gauss (2008) also argues that decentralized wastewater management systems require an experienced sanitary engineer and community participation is key in the selection of preferred technology.
We found that decentralized platforms for policy dialogues have the potential to improve civil society participation in local-level and national-level policy and planning processes.
In contrast with the centralized, autocratic direction of the totalitarian single-party organization, with its emphasis on ideological conformity and restricted membership, the political parties of constitutional democracy are decentralized, concerned with the integration of many interests and beliefs, and open to public participation.
Its aim is to build human resource capacity for strengthening decentralized health planning, especially at the district level, to improve accountability of health systems, elicit community participation for health, ensure equitable and accessible health facilities and to bring about convergence in programmes and services.
