A decade on from the initial discovery of histone lysine demethylases, our understanding of how these fascinating enzymes function in cells has progressed at an immensely rapid pace.
Symptom onset appears to occur most commonly in midlife, particularly in athletes, often years or even decades after recovery from the initial head trauma.
Even scarier, those brain changes can start decades after the initial trauma occurs.
But nearly two decades after the initial pigeon study, Watanabe and his team conducted another study, this time with Java sparrows, and spotted signs they experience a pleasurable feeling from art.
When this disease recurs it's often after several years and, occasionally, decades after the initial diagnosis.
This is a chronic infection in which complications are manifested decades after the initial infection.
Data from murine models [ 15, 16], vaccination for smallpox [ 17- 19] and other viral infections [ 20], and examination of humoral responses from 1918 influenza pandemic survivors nine decades later [ 21] have all shown that plasma cells can be incredibly long-lived, being present decades after the initial stimuli.
Knowledge of the human health effects of ambient airborne pollutants has increased over the last several decades, from an initial focus on ozone and pulmonary diseases such as asthma, to a growing scientific understanding of the effects of fine airborne particulate matter (PM) on cardiovascular disease (e.g., Dockery 2001; Donaldson et al. 2001; Pope et al. 2004).
This was considered essential to allow for different modes of operation not only in response to rapid/unexpected changes and opportunities, but also to longer-term shifts in priorities as the overall mission plan (and indeed cometary science in general) changed during the decades from initial concept to landing.
Chronic diseases such as lung cancer require decades from initial exposure for the development of lung tumors.
