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However, this is particularly difficult to do in the absence of manipulative experiments that decouple confounded factors such as canopy opening and debris deposition.
In contrast, canopy removal consistently affected species richness, Shannon diversity, and rarity, while debris deposition consistently affected species richness and Shannon diversity.
Hurricane impacts to this tropical forest alter the fern community by (1) debris deposition burying individuals and initially reducing some population sizes, and (2) canopy openness overwhelming the negative effects of debris deposition and stimulating growth and reproduction that can last ⩾5 years.
Debris deposition resulted in high mortality for 7 of 12 fern species, with C. borinquena among the species little affected and increases in recruitment following mortality of T. deltoidea under open canopy.
However, we found that debris deposition had no significant effect on coqui density and that the opening of the canopy was the dominant aspect affecting coqui by significantly reducing their densities.
There is a lack of understanding of the importance to forest biota of the two major physical aspects that occur simultaneously during a hurricane: canopy disturbance and detritus (debris) deposition onto the ground.
Similar(47)
Nearly all of the debris deposited on the riverbed of the gentle slope in the gully (below S-23 in Fig. 5). Figure 10 shows the Abu-no-sato debris flow gully from the source area to the deposition area.
These comparisons suggest a strong effect of network structure, which varies significantly among the sites, on profile shape and relief because of the different susceptibilities to debris-flow deposition and, therefore, debris-dam formation.
The total volume of coarse-material debris flow deposition in the channel appears to be larger than that of fine-material debris flow deposition.
Coarse boulder diamicts capping the Johnson Mesa and Carcass Creek Terraces are not associated with the Bull Lake glaciation as previously thought, but were deposited 180±15 to 205±17 ka (minimum age) and are the result of debris flow deposition.
Locations for initiation of debris flow deposition were situated in stream orders 3 and 4 in 60% of cases.
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