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If alert veterinarians and practicing physicians had not sought to identify the cause of the deaths of crows and of human encephalitis in New York City in 1999, health officials would probably have included the human cases in the large "cause undetermined" category of encephalitis.
Surveillance data suggest that the involvement of WNV in the deaths of noncorvid species submitted for WNV testing is much less than involvement of WNV in the deaths of crows (<40% in the 2000 New York study [ 15]).
During previous seasons of WNV transmission in most affected areas of the United States, the infection and deaths of crows (Corvus brachyrynchos) have preceded the detection of human infections.
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Adelaide's midfield machine and attacking firepower proved the difference, one year to the day of the death of Crows' coach Phil Walsh.
Widespread deaths of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos were associated with the 1999 outbreak of West Nile (WN) virus in the New York City region.
Some North American birds are highly susceptible to this virus, as shown by large-scale local deaths of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos, family Corvidae) (1, 9 ).
This interest is based on recent experience indicating that surveillance of bird deaths, especially of crows and other members of the family Corvidae, is a sensitive method for detecting WNV activity in a region (2 – 5 ).
Massachusetts health officials said the virus caused the death of a crow found in a park in Jamaica Plain, a neighborhood in southwest Boston.
Liam Cobb's Death of a Crow must be the most surreal ode to a Kia Ora ad ever to grace the printed page.
Such virus transmission between prey and predators and scavengers has been shown for HPAI virus (H5N1), with reported deaths in crows, birds of prey, and mammals (e.g., Felidae and Mustelidae).
As Cicero fled Antony's death sentence, Plutarch wrote, "…a flight of crows rose with a great noise, and made towards Cicero's vessel, as it rowed to land, and lighting on both sides of the yard, some croaked, others pecked the ends of the ropes" (6).
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