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In the latter case, it is assumed that the electron gas remains spatially homogeneous and there is no space charge injection, contrary to what usually takes place in a DC (or DC + AC -driven Gunn diode.
Control cultures contained PBMC, stimulated with unpulsed DC or DC pulsed with soluble tetanus toxoid (TT) (Ladecle Laboratories, Pearl River, NY, USA) at 0.1 LFU ml−1.
Similar(58)
Culture of primary DCs or DC and T cell co-cultures with PHCCC NPs reduced DC activation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while shifting T cells away from TH17 and toward TREG phenotypes.
The identification of DCs or DC precursors as bipotent cells has important implications for the physiopathology and therapy of tumours.
Direct power control (DPC) scheme is a popular active solution to enhance dynamic performance of AC-DC or DC-AC converters [22, 23].
We found that the DR-1 stimulated CD4 T cells were also able to kill autologous DCs pulsed with DR-1 peptide, but not un-pulsed DCs or DCs pulsed with irrelevant DR1-binding peptide JAK2-DR.
The results showed a significant decrease in fungal growth only in animals treated with DCs transfected with pMAC/PS-scFv when we compared with the groups of animals that received PBS, DCs, or DCs transfected with pMAC/PS (Figure 5).
The phenotypes of dermis- and muscle-infiltrating cells as well as the phenotype of CD11b+CD11c+ DCs recovered from ADLNs and IDLNs coincide with that of dermal DCs or DCs differentiated from Mos recruited to the inoculation site [36], [43].
Thus, we postulated that the ability of candidate compounds to block infection in DCs or DC-T cell co-cultures may provide a more rigorous and relevant in vitro evaluation of the capacity of potential microbicide formulations.
To examine the effects of exposure to mosquito saliva on DC function during WNV infection, we measured cytokine expression in bone marrow-derived DCs at 24 h and 48 h p.i. WNV infection of DCs resulted in high type I IFN expression levels, with little to no IFN detectable in uninfected control DCs or DCs treated with SGE alone.
Previous studies focused mostly on PBMC-derived DCs or DCs that are directly isolated from peripheral blood [ 24, 33].
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