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The SNR gap Γ is 12.9 dB, corresponding to a coding gain of 3 dB, a noise margin of 6 dB and a target symbol error probability of 10-7.
The SFM is a real number between 0 and 1, with SFM = 1 corresponding to a flat spectrum, and is often expressed on a dB-scale (0 dB corresponding to a flat spectrum).
We have assumed in our simulations that α = 3.68 and set 10log(K) to be −40 dB, corresponding to a version of the urban Costa Hata model used in LTE network studies [5, 21, 22].
The power adaptation during the contention phase of the PBOA protocol thereby assumes a minimum receive SINR of 14 dB, corresponding to a packet error probability of 10-2.
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The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has been fixed to 7 dB, corresponding to an error floor of about 10 -3 in the absence of interference.
For our analysis, a detectability level of more than 5 dB corresponding to an SNR of −12 dB has been chosen as a detection criterion to be on the safe side.
It is further assumed that the signal attenuation from BS to its served user is (8hat {d}) dB corresponding to an identical distance of (hat {d}) meters, where (6leq hat {d}leq 10) in unit of meters, i.e, its served user locates in the cooperation and energy harvesting region, as shown in Figure 2.
We observed an elevation of 6.07 nmol/L [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.32 9.81 nmol/L] in morning saliva cortisol level in women exposed to aircraft noise at an average 24-hr sound level (LAeq,24h) > 60 dB, compared with women exposed to LAeq,24h ≤ 50 dB, corresponding to an increase of 34%.
Since publication of the Keith et al. study, the WHO Europe Region has released new Night Noise Guidelines for Europe [ 8] and state that: "The new limit is an annual average night exposure not exceeding 40 decibels (dB), corresponding to the sound from a quiet street in a residential area".
Initially, the input SNR is assumed to be 0 dB, and a mixture is scaled to an energy level of 63 dB corresponding to the addition of two 60-dB source signals.
Notice that, even when the penetration wall loss is set to 0 dB, corresponding to the worst case, FD shows an improvement of 9% over HD for the outage users.
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