Sentence examples for dating trees from inspiring English sources

Bruce Kershner, a forest ecologist and vice president of the newly created New York Old Growth Forest Association, is good at dating trees at a glance.

Although normal prior distributions are used when dating trees under an indirect approach [135], we prefer this type of distribution because it does not place a strict minimum age on the calibration.

There is no indication in the material that bands can be taken as regular time markers within the core, and bands cannot therefore be used for dating trees (Adjusted R: 0.04, F-statistic: 1.43 on 1 and 9 DF, p-value: 0.26).

We also assess the accuracy of DTL reconciliation, on both dated and undated species trees, compared with optimal tcDTL reconciliations on fully dated trees and demonstrate the utility of using distance-dependent transfer costs in the reconciliation model.

Dated trees, evolutionary rates and population growth models were co-estimated using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method implemented in the BEAST package [15] (available at http://beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/).ac.uk/

We relied on a composite Akaike weight to summarize the biogeographic reconstructions across our posterior distribution of dated trees.

Dated trees are thus pivotal to our understanding of the evolution of plants, and of the groups that interact with them, such as herbivores and pollinators [ 12].

Our new dated trees provide a solid basis for future biogeographical studies and robust statistical tests of correlation among intrinsic traits, extrinsic factors, and diversification rates within Magnoliidae.

In order to assess uncertainty in biogeographic reconstructions due to both topological and temporal uncertainty, we also inferred the likeliest biogeographic scenarios across 1000 randomly chosen trees obtained from the posterior distribution of dated trees (cf. [ 98]).

These dated trees have permitted the study of character evolution via the reconstruction of ancestral traits [ 11], inference of biogeographical history [ 7], as well as estimates of diversification rates [ 2, 8, 10].

The molecular clock dated trees were calculated in BEAST v1.7.5 [ 25] with the three mt markers (COI, 16S and 12S), using Sphyradium doliolum, Orculella bulgarica (Hesse, 1915) and Orculella aragonica (Westerlund, 1897) as outgroups.