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The expression level of each individual gene in the transcriptomic data was determined by the log2 of fragments per kilobyte per million reads (FPKM) values.
The data was determined by analyzing 10,000 cells using an EPICS XL flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA, USA), and Cell Quest software (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA, USA).
The accuracy of the fitted model relative to the experimental data was determined by a quantitative analysis method using the mean absolute relative residual percentage (MARR %) for the total of 35 data points.
The suitability of the model to represent the data was determined by the value of R 2. The full quadratic model that describes the relationship between the effects of ratio of zeolite and acid (R), temperature (T, °C), and reaction time (t, min) on the concentration of levulinic acid is given as follow C_{text{LA}} = { 371}0 2. 7 + { 5393}.
Homogeneity-of-variance in data was determined by Levene test, and formal distribution pattern of the data was confirmed by Kolmogorov Smirnov test and P P Plots, an SPSS tool that yields a graph to assess whether the data are normal or not (Shi 2012).
Significance of the data was determined by t-test analysis.
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The bit rates of video data are determined by sl.
Face or non-face data is determined by comparing output results with the thresholds.
Lithological compaction units identified in well data were determined by assessing their respective clay contents.
All yield data were determined by measurements of 12 individual plants for each treatment.
Moreover, the spatial accuracy of the data is determined by the local density of base stations.
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