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Chi Squared with data variance.
chi2datavar chi^2 with data variance.
Chi Squared with data variance (XSPEC style).
underestimates the simulated value, chi2 data variance overestimates this parameter.
Errors of small magnitude, compared to the data variance, would only have minor effects.
Chi2XspecVar is the XSpec version of the χ2 fit statistic with data variance.
However, errors of similar or greater magnitude than the data variance may, depending on the vector lengths and the angle between the vectors, severely distort the observed data variance.
chi2xspecvar chi^2 with data variance (XSPEC-style, variance = 1.0 if data less than or equal to 0.0).
Full information factor analysis showed the presence of one dominant factor explaining 34% of data variance.
Applying principal component analysis reduces the data complexity while preserving sufficient data variance.
PCA performed on the groundwater chemical data resulted in 4 principal components (PCs) explaining 72% of the data variance.
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