If a question was supposed to have been skipped but was not, the data entry person was to key in the answers exactly as they were written.
A look back at the hard copy instruments indicated that vendors did not consistently follow the pre-defined data entry rule number 5 that states that, "if a question was supposed to have been skipped but was not, the data entry person was to key in the answers exactly as they were written".
In other places, mobile phone applications are used to key in this data, which is then automatically uploaded.
This model allowed us to combine immunological and virological data to estimate key parameters in VZV population dynamics, such as the peak CMI response following re-exposure, duration of boosting and VZV subclinical reactivation characteristics.
Once data are keyed in, they are rarely rechecked with respect to accuracy.
We synthesize data to describe key findings and gaps in knowledge about the outcomes of breast cancer in this population.
This paper argues for analyzing existing program data to address key questions and decisions in the early design stages of a QRIS, even in advance of pilot activities.
We compiled genomic data corresponding to key elements involved in hemostasis across vertebrates to investigate its genetic basis and understand how it affects fitness.
We envision that researchers will prefer to ascertain phenotypes in a smaller set of strains, using these data to map key genes, and validate these in a second, smaller set of CC strains selected to maximize mapping power.
Moreover, since there were significant differences in the contents of the major components from one bud and five leaves of tea versus oil tea, we used the transcriptome data to search for key genes in these metabolic pathways and to uncover the factors underlying this divergence.
All these papers are using big data to address key social and environmental issues in the development of sustainable cities. Efficient disaster management and emergency planning make contributions to improving urban resilience.
