Using neutron monitor (NM) data of stations with different cut-off rigidities, we calculate the rigidity dependence of the galactic cosmic ray long-term variation near the last solar minimum (sunspot number W ≤ 40, January 1994 January 1997).
We compare the calculation results obtained using the Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) and IRI-2012 (Bilitza et al., 2014) model with ground-based ionosonde data of stations at different latitudes and longitudes.
However, if we remove the data of stations with less than 19 years' records, nearly 200 stations will be excluded from the calculation.
The normalized Sq at the dip equator [EUEL (0°)] is obtained from the normalization of EUEL data of stations at the off-dip equator [EUEL ], using the following formula: mathrm{EUEL}left(0^{circ}right)=frac{mathrm{C}{mathrm{M}}_4left(0^{circ}{mathrm{C}{mathrm{M}}_4left}_4lefthetata ^{circ}right)}mathrm{EUEL}left(theta ^{circ}right).
Daily precipitation and evaporation data of one station and river stage data of two stations are used as case studies, and six kinds of popular hybrid and pure models are used to compare both kinds of forecast performances.
The pan evaporation data of Mersin Station were estimated using the input data of Antalya and Mersin stations in the second application.
In the first application the input data of Antalya Station were used as inputs to the models to estimate pan evaporation data of Mersin Station.
The original data of Jiangjyun station in Taiwan will be used to test the performance of the present model.
Streamflow data of Derecikviran Station on the Filyos River in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey were used in the study.
The original data of Longdong station at Taiwan 'invaded directly by the Aere typhoon' are considered to verify the present model.
