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However, the effort required to compile and process these detailed data is substantial, and presents a major barrier to more widespread adoption.
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The committee's concerns over wholesale collection and analysis of data were substantial and from any perspective would need considerable changes to be made to the draft bill, now presented as an amendment to the Counter Terrorism and Security Bill.
The findings demonstrated that the distribution and impact of missing data were substantial and that the pattern of missing data was unlikely to be 'missing at random'.
Observations in which respondents selected a "prefer not to answer" option were excluded from analyses except for analyses of income and sharing where missing income data were substantial and responses separately categorized.
However, the discrepancy between the accuracy of IDEM as assessed by synthetic data vs. real expression, methylation and knockdown data is substantial.
Limitations: The number of patients excluded from the study due to missing data is substantial.
Allison ([2002]) demonstrated that even in the case of MCAR, dummy-variable adjustment may lead to biased estimates in ordinary least squares regression when the proportion of missing data is substantial (i.e., 50%).
If the proportion of missing primary data is substantial (more than 10%) a series of sensitivity analyses will be carried out to determine the likely effects of missing data [ 99- 101].
However, given that the amount of imputed data is substantial, we can never completely rule out the possibility of remaining bias caused by differences in the unobserved/unmeasured characteristics that are also associated with FPG at follow-up.
Although variation in the reported DOC flux data was substantial between organic and mineral soils systems (60%), the limitations of the available data mean that it is not possible to test whether this is a systematic difference.
Hence, we recommend using MMI instead of SMI if the missing data proportion is substantial and if researchers are interested not only in unbiased estimates (e.g., for purely descriptive purposes) but also in unbiased standard errors of these estimates (e.g., for significance testing).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com