Choe et al. generated a spike-in data set with a defined background, in contrast to the Affymetrix spike-in data sets, which use HeLa RNA as background [2].
It is one of the largest population-based case-control studies on lung cancer worldwide, designed to explore various characteristics (environmental and genetic) of lung cancer etiology as well as of smoking behavior (initiation, dependency, persistence) using an integrative approach that combines epidemiologic, clinical, and molecular data in a clearly defined population setting (22, 23).
A building block is the small functional unit of a research pipeline that has a defined input (data, samples or materials), resulting in a defined output (data analyses, samples, high-throughput data or materials).
In this manner, standardization of data entry for gene names and corresponding institutions was established for certain data elements and resulted in a defined dictionary of acceptable entry terms.
In-depth benefit-risk assessment of adverse effect and efficacy data for a drug in a defined therapeutic area.
Additional data should have a defined purpose in the analysis.
As a physical entity a Data Safe Haven is a physical repository for data that occupies a defined location in space and across time.
12 15 Demographic Surveillance Sites (DSS) represent a novel kind of a sentinel surveillance system that provides a rare opportunity to collect data from all individuals living in a defined geographical location over time.
Cancer registries collect a small standard data set for all cancer patients in a defined population.
This approach, described in some detail in this paper, does not, however, incorporate the sampling error of the sampling weight estimate, and should accordingly be used only when this value is known, as when analyzing data from a CCF study nested in a defined cohort, or when surveys used to estimate D incidence risk are of a size that the derived sampling weights can be considered known values.
