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Some techniques used to implement time standards for the motions are; stopwatch time study, computerized data collection, standard data, PTS, work sampling, MOST (Maynard Operation Sequence Technique) etc.
To streamline and improve cost-effectiveness of data collection, standard formats are recommended.
In general, for the data collection, standard case report forms (CRF's) are used if available.
The Research Scientists in consultation with the Principal Investigator designed the working protocol, methods for data collection, standard operating procedures (SOPs) and consent forms for study implementation.
For the data collection, standard lead I ECG and reflective PPG signals were recorded simultaneously by a self-designed device at a sampling rate of 250 Hz for each channel and digitized by a 12-bit A/D converter.
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By qualitative data collection standards, the sample is large, and the responses provided were consistent across groups and locations.
The best data management tools are a well-written protocol, which includes data collection forms, standard terminologies, carefully written definitions, and a manual of standard operating procedures.
Such data collection is standard practice in other disciplines, such as medicine and law.
The decision when a certain risk factor or disease was present in a given case was made by the obstetrician who filled in the data collection form (standard data collection form used in German perinatal statistics, "Perinatologischer Basis-Erhebungbogen").
However, we cannot entirely exclude the possibility of errors in the provided individual participant data; a "forensic" examination of data collection beyond standard data checking techniques was outside the aims and resources of this particular investigation.
Prior to data collection the standard team underwent an annual, two week training on survey tools and procedures in Kabul that included extensive field testing and post-training exams.
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