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During initial data collection, the authors managing patients at the Orofacial Pain Unit of the Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich (UZH) established a central secure host at Service and Support for Science IT of the UZH, adhering to Swiss federal and cantonal laws for privacy protection.
FMM and SM wrote the initial draft of the manuscript; SM and RJB contributed to the data analysis; FMM, EV, WU, ES, and WWF were investigators on the trial and contributed to design and implementation as well as data collection; all authors contributed to interpretation of data and manuscript preparation.
ZJ, SC designed this study, ZJ, SC, TZ and YM analyzed and explained the data, ZJ gave the first draft of the paper and ZJ, JZ and DC wrote final paper, LB, WX, XH and WZ contribute the data collection, all authors read the paper and contribute the work.
Finally, during the period of data collection the authors implemented a new step in the classical technique of conic dilatation tracheostomy (introduction of a Crile's forceps for blunt dissection of the pretracheal tissue), but it is unclear whether they controlled for the resulting effects in their data analysis and presentation.
The following information was collected in a predefined data collection form: first author's name, publication year, country, sample type, total number of cases and controls, quantitative methods, and publication language.
The authors represent different professional backgrounds, two authors were involved in data collection, and all authors took part in the analysis of data.
Conception and design: All authors, Data collection and analysis: All authors, Drafting of manuscript: KVN, NTTD, AC, HFLW, Final editing and approval: All authors.
AC assisted in data collection, MS, corresponding author, was supervising the study, helped with the literature review and assisted in the writing and review of the manuscript.
During and after qualitative data collection, the first author and three other language specialists - Twi, Dagbani and Gonja – transcribed all tape-recorded interviews.
A spreadsheet was created to chart relevant data (data collection categories included author, setting, study aim and design/intervention, sample size, and results/outcome measures), to enable the identification of commonalities, themes, and gaps in the literature [ 17].
Before the data collection, the primary author visited all schools that agreed to participate and informed them about the content of the questionnaire and the purpose of the study.
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