The following data about reliability of instruments were extracted: the type of reliability study conducted (e.g. inter or intra-rater reliability), the methods employed to conduct the study (e.g. independent assessments or video recording of the same patient assessment), assessor training and the characteristics of the patient group.
The IMCI experts used standardized data collection instruments to record data about health workers' previous training and supervision; assessments by the health worker and the IMCI expert; and resources available at the clinic to support IMCI implementation.
The DIF standard includes information about the data sets, such as title, temporal and spatial coverage, quality, access and use constraints, but also about instruments, platforms, projects, persons and data centers.
The Flatiron Institute can be seen as replicating the structure that Simons established at Renaissance, where he hired researchers to analyze large amounts of data about stocks and other financial instruments, in order to detect previously unseen patterns in their fluctuations.
The instruments provided data about wind speed, air and soil temperature, and humidity.
The lack of cross-culturally valid instruments, and data about child psychological difficulties, is a public health concern in humanitarian contexts [ 2, 11- 14].
Kirkpatrick's framework provided guidance about the types of data and instruments selected to address each of these levels (Table 4).
Kirkpatrick's framework serves to provide program evaluators with guidance about the types of data and instruments necessary for evaluating multiple dimensions of PD.
The torpedo-shaped instrument gathers data about the difference between the level of the seawater beneath the ice and the surface of the ice itself.
A pre test and an achievement test and a software developed by the researchers about the topic were used as data collection instruments in the study.
