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Furocoumarins are naturally produced in fruits and vegetables in response to physical damage, fungal infection, and attack by pests, and they exhibit phototoxic effects because of their capacity to absorb photons and then release the energy to cause cellular damage (Gasparro et al, 1997).
Although phagocytes can damage fungal hyphae, resting spores (the infectious form) cannot be killed by macrophages nor do they exhibit chemotactic potential on neutrophils (Waldorf et al., 1984a; Waldorf and Diamond, 1985; Levitz et al., 1986; Waldorf, 1989; Jorens et al., 1995).
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This chapter also reviews the use of one or more plant defensins in transgenic crops for the development of resistance against damaging fungal pathogens.
Finally, bleomycin damages fungal cell walls (Moore et al. 1992; Beaudouin et al. 1993; Moore et al. 2003), as does cell-wall perturbing calcofluor which binds chitin, thereby inhibiting chitin synthase and proper cell wall biosynthesis (Nitiss and Heitman 2007).
Honey fungus is a damaging fungal disease.
This finding might be due to the long exposure time, causing damage to fungal cells.
They collide with the sample surface and damage the fungal cell walls.
It has been previously acknowledged that the balance in innate responses between (beneficial) fungicidal immunity and (detrimental) inflammatory cytotoxicity determines levels of tissue damage in fungal infections [19].
It has been hypothesized that β-glucan is "unmasked" during the course of infection in vivo due to progressive damage of fungal cells by immune cell attacks [10].
Plasma membrane- permeabilizing ability proper to PR5 contributes to plasmolysis and damage of fungal and bacterial pathogens, inhibiting their growth and development [ 46].
In little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus), tissue damage from fungal infection results in a cascade of physiologic disruptions resulting in death 70 100 days after infection (6 ).
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