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When the time-dependent damage dominated (temperature ⩾816 °C and hold time ⩾2 min), the crack growth rates can be correlated with Ct or (Ct avg parameters.
The irradiation energies in this region induce irradiation damage dominated by large number of small pits (see AFM images in Figure 1) which give less sp2 character due to the enhanced possibility of the damage of the edge of the graphene structure, consequently the formation of dangling bonds.
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It is proposed that thermal activation enhances fatigue life by reducing stress concentrations responsible for the generation of substructure defects at a critical stress level below where mechanical damage dominates fatigue life.
The results imply that the density of organic moiety is not high enough in <3 mM solutions, so the effect of solvent <span class="lh">damage dominates the rest of the intercalation process.
The maximum inter-story drift ratio over the height (IDR) is relevant for structural damage if the damage is dominated by the maximum story deformation over the height.
DNA sequencing confirmed the lacZ gene damage and revealed the damage types dominated by the base substitution and cytosine having the highest radiation-sensitivity.
The damage modes (dominated by striations, burnishing, and scratching) and the rotated damage pattern are typical patterns for cruciate-retaining TKA with low conformity in both knees (Harman et al. 2001, 2007, 2009).
When the fatigue damage was dominated by pyramidal slip operation, the fatigue strengths were the highest.
The blunter hemispherical impactor produced the largest damage area dominated by delamination.
If damage is dominated by knock-on mechanisms, a viable option is to reduce the accelerating voltage below the threshold at which significant damage occurs.
Conversely, if the damage is dominated by ionization, then it may be beneficial to increase the accelerating voltage to reduce the ionization cross section [1].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com