Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
damage conducted
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "damage conducted" is not correct and does not convey a clear meaning in written English.
It may be intended to describe harm that has been inflicted or caused, but the wording is awkward and unclear. Example: "The report detailed the damage conducted during the storm, highlighting the areas most affected."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
2 human-written examples
Secondly, by measuring the raw admittance signature, the sensitivity of SMI is investigated in the experiment of steel structural corrosion damage conducted within 117 days.
Science
History of BCC or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) prior to 1986 was obtained from a prevalence survey of skin cancer and actinic skin damage conducted in December 1986 [ 17], and BCCs and SCCs treated between 1986 and 1992 were monitored via surveys conducted between 1986 and 1992 [ 18, 19].
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
Officials on both sides have since rushed to repair the damage, conducting a series of meetings in the Korean Demilitarized Zone that were ongoing as of Tuesday, the White House confirmed.
News & Media
According to the damage assessment conducted in June 2006, the cost of damage and losses reached 29.1 trillion rupiahs (US$3.11 million).
Science
Similarly, to examine tolerance to snail damage we conducted a mixed model analysis of covariance to test for the effects of cross and population and snail damage on the number of fruits produced.
Science
As DNA damage signalling was shown to be linked to curcumin-induced mitotic arrest, experiments to elucidate the source of damage were conducted.
Science
The digital analysis of the damage was conducted in order to assess the delamination factor.
The results of this study underscored the subtle but important differences between storm damage surveys conducted in the United States and Canada.
In addition, a vibration fatigue analysis that considered changes in the frequency response due to the fatigue damage was conducted on multi-point spot-welded joints.
A survey of the building damage was conducted in every house to evaluate the detection accuracy in the Khokana and Sankhu urban areas in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal.
Science
We tested if bat and/or bird exclusion from cacao trees leads to higher arthropod abundance and leaf damage, and conducted the experiment in high and low shade plantations.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Prefer using more common and direct phrases like "damage inflicted", "damage caused", or "assessment of damage" for clarity and better readability. Avoid "damage conducted" as it is awkward and less widely accepted.
Common error
Avoid using "damage conducted" as it is not a standard or natural way to express the idea of damage being caused or assessed. This phrasing can make your writing sound unnatural and less professional.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
2.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "damage conducted" functions as a noun phrase where "damage" is the noun and "conducted" acts as a past participle modifying it. However, Ludwig AI suggests that this phrasing is not ideal due to its awkwardness and lack of clarity.
Frequent in
Science
60%
News & Media
40%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, while the phrase "damage conducted" isn't strictly incorrect, it's not the most effective way to communicate the idea of damage being caused or assessed. Ludwig AI indicates that the phrase is awkward and suggests more common alternatives such as "damage inflicted" or "damage caused". These alternatives provide greater clarity and are more widely accepted in both formal and informal contexts. Therefore, it's generally advisable to avoid "damage conducted" in favor of clearer, more standard phrasing to improve the overall quality and readability of your writing.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
damage inflicted
Replaces "conducted" with "inflicted" which is a more common and direct way to describe damage caused by an action.
damage caused
Uses "caused" instead of "conducted", providing a clearer and more natural way to express the origin of the damage.
damage that occurred
A simple and direct way of describing damage, avoiding the more awkward wording of "damage conducted".
assessment of damage
Focuses on the evaluation process, replacing the action-oriented "conducted" with the noun "assessment".
damage evaluation
Similar to "assessment of damage", but uses "evaluation" as a noun to emphasize the analytical aspect.
damage analysis
Highlights the analytical aspect of examining the damage, using "analysis" to replace "conducted".
investigation of damage
Emphasizes the investigative aspect of examining the damage, suitable when the cause or extent of the damage is unknown.
harm perpetrated
Uses "harm" instead of "damage" and "perpetrated" instead of "conducted", altering the tone to suggest intentional wrongdoing.
destruction executed
Replaces "damage" with "destruction" to indicate more severe harm, and "executed" for a more formal and impactful tone.
loss sustained
Shifts the focus to the experience of loss, using "sustained" to describe the enduring impact of the damage.
FAQs
What are some alternatives to "damage conducted"?
Better alternatives include "damage inflicted", "damage caused", or "assessment of damage", which are clearer and more commonly used.
Is "damage conducted" grammatically correct?
While not strictly ungrammatical, "damage conducted" is considered awkward and not the best choice for clear communication. More standard phrases are preferred.
How can I use the phrase "damage inflicted" in a sentence?
You might say, "The storm caused significant damage inflicted on the coastal communities".
Why is "damage caused" preferred over "damage conducted"?
"Damage caused" is more direct and aligns with standard English usage, making it easier to understand than "damage conducted".
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
2.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested