Intracellular proteins such as hexosaminidase, a lysosomal enzyme, are indicative for cellular damage and (necrotic) disintegration when detected systemically.
Intracellular proteins such as hexosaminidase, a lysosomal enzyme, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are indicative for cellular damage and (necrotic) disintegration when detected systemically.
We found that removal of extracellular ATP by apyrase treatment not only prevented systemic IL-1 β accumulation but also precluded the induction of inflammasome-independent cytokines, such as TNF and IL-10, of mitochondrial damage, cellular disintegration, apoptotic death, intestinal injury and barrier breakdown, and subsequent mortality, in a murine model of LPS-induced shock.
Severe damage, and in the end complete disintegration occur if sulphate solutions penetrate the hardened concrete.
However, treating the microspheres for 3.5 or 5 min resulted in signs of structural damage to the microspheres such as cracks on the surface and disintegration of the microspheres (Fig. 1D, E).
Hyperhomocysteinemia induces endothelial damage, mitochondrial disintegration, swelling of pericytes, basement membrane thickening and perivascular detachment (Weir and Molloy, 2000; Kim et al., 2002; Troen, 2005), pathologies are also seen in vaD and AD.
The oxidation induced by ROS can result in cell membrane disintegration, membrane protein damage and DNA mutation, which can further initiate or propagate the development of many diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, liver injury, arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular disease [ 3].
When this occurs in both endothelial and epithelial cells, lytic damage and cell death contribute to interstitial pulmonary edema and impaired gas exchange by means of alveolar collapse and disintegration of the alveolar-capillary barrier.
Paints based on white-spirit cause damage by disintegration of cell membranes, oil-based paints cause intense inflammatory responses and latex paints based on water have been known to be less destructive (Fig. 2).
Plague and famine and disintegration followed the Mongol incursion.
