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In addition, 3 DAEC isolates (15%) were also not affected by PAβN presenting borderline significant differences with commensal isolates.
Nonetheless, when analysing the isolates by pathotypes the levels of resistance of enteroaggregative (EAEC) (48.7%) and diffuse-adhering (DAEC) (45%) were significantly higher than those of enterotoxigenic (ETEC) (17.1%) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) (10%).
To do this, we focused our attention on Afa/Dr diffusely adhering E. coli (Afa/Dr DAEC) strains which belong to class six of the enterovirulent E. coli strains [24].
Interestingly, Afa/Dr DAEC express SPATE, also named Sat, and Sat is involved in the Afa/Dr DAEC-induced breach of the intestinal epithelial barrier [35].
When the diarrhoeagenic group was subdivided into pathotypes, only DAEC and EAEC showed slight differences (Tables 1 and 2).
MRG were significantly more frequent among EAEC and DAEC isolates than among the remaining groups analysed, except when EAEC were compared with commensals.
Three hundred forty-three diarrhoeagenic (259 isolates, including 78 EAEC, 41 ETEC, 20 DAEC and 120 EPEC) or commensal (84 isolates) E. coli isolates from faeces samples collected in previous studies from children under 5 years of age in periurban areas of Lima Peruu) were recovered from frozen stocks to be included in the study.
Regarding the feasibility to considered azithromycin as an alternative to treat diarrhoeagenic E. coli in the studied areas, the present study showed moderate azithromycin resistance levels highlighting some concerns about its usefulness as treatment in the absence of antibiotic susceptibility data, especially when EAEC or DAEC isolates are present.
It was noticed that H. pylori [75], as Afa/Dr DAEC [39], [54], use DAF as a receptor.
enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and diffuse adhering E. coli (DAEC) [2], [3].
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In this paper, a method to design fault tolerant encoders for SEC-DAEC codes is proposed.
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