Typical lengths, L, of the produced cylindrical nanoscrolls range from 0.5 to 2.5 μm, and the diameter, D, is ca. 100 nm.
Briefly, the porous layer is 7,880 ± 60 nm thick with interconnecting cylindrical pores ranging in diameter from 60 to 100 nm, and the calculated porosity is approximately 80%.
The porous layer is 3,000 ± 60 nm thick shown in Figure 2a, with interconnecting cylindrical pores ranging in diameter from 30 to 50 nm can be seen in Figure 2b.
In the analysis proposed by Peppas [ 16], the n value for a cylindrical geometry ranges between 0.45 and 0.89 according to the prevalence of pure Fickian or Case II transport, respectively, being the intermediate values indicative of an anomalous transport.
Cylindrical actuator geometries, ranging from thin tubular configuration, where there is more uniformity in stress distribution, to a solid section, having significant non-homogeneities in stress, are utilized.
The normalised median lateral bending after stabilisation with the rectangular and the cylindrical cages were 0.365 (range 0.198 0.82525) and 0.615 (range 0.301 – 1.032) respectively.
The normalised median axial rotation after stabilisation with the rectangular and the cylindrical cages were 0.479 (range 0.293 0.80101) and 0.421 (range 0.209 0.75858) respectively.
The normalised median flexion-extension after stabilization with the rectangular and the cylindrical cages were 0.438 (range 0.187 0.69595), and 0.423 (range 0.208 – 0.631) respectively.
It is shown that the stacking of cylindrical layers increases the range of available inner radii at the cost of design limitations.
