The Internet era has popularized cyber- "of computers or computer networks" and mega- "vast".
They also often launch cyber-attacks using "botnets", or networks of computers that have been taken over without their owners' knowledge.Code redSuch ploys can make it hard to identify exactly who is behind a particular online assault, says Adam Vincent of Cyber Squared, another security firm.
Beyond mathematical and computational methods, the development of cyber and computer crime has also transformed the way criminologists study crime and delinquency.
Because effective cyber attacks involve not just one malicious computer but thousands of computers at a time, with new ones constantly joining the fray, cyber sallies are all the more difficult to deflect.
Cyber-recruitment is therefore recruitment activity that makes use of computers and the Internet.
This allows cyber criminals to control the botnet remotely from a range of computers, making it difficult to tackle.
This type of cyber attack is referred to as a botnet attack, which involves a collection of computers located in peoples' homes or businesses.
AT 2PM ON March 20th 2013 the hard drives of tens of thousands of computers in South Korea were suddenly wiped clean in a massive cyber-attack.
The Nauruan Cyber Crime Act, passed in May, created new offences relating to child pornography and to "illegal access" of computers or program data.
Shamoon damaged tens of thousands of computers at Saudi Arabia's national oil firm, Saudi Aramco, in one of the most destructive cyber campaigns to date.
"We've developed a lot of computer, cyber-security projects and after I graduated in computer science and economics and started working on the earlier version of Donde," she says.
