The pattern of cutaneous involvement is limited to the face and distal extremities, sparing the trunk.
In sarcoidosis, cutaneous involvement occurs in 20 35 % of patients [81].
Cutaneous involvement of MM is very rare and remains poorly understood.
The first-line treatment for disfiguring and widespread cutaneous involvement in SLE is antimalarials, but some patients are therapy resistant.
Angioedema, however, may affect any part of the body, and intra-abdominal involvement can even occur without cutaneous involvement [3, 6, 7].
Oral azithromycin is an effective treatment in ocular rosacea [12] and also in cutaneous involvement of rosacea (with efficacy comparable to doxycycline) [13].
Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a rare neoplasm of precursor lymphocytes, and cutaneous involvement is present in less than 20% of cases.
Skin lesions are found in 20 to 35%% of patients with sarcoidosis [11, 17, 18]; similarly, a frequency of 25%% for cutaneous involvement has been reported in other papers [16, 19].
SAPHO syndrome is an acronym for "synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis", a rare disease designed in 1985, following the clinical description of 85 index cases with a peculiar osteoarticular and cutaneous involvement.
(1) Among patients with dermatitis of the feet consistent with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), what were the final diagnoses of those with dermatitis only on the feet and those whose foot dermatitis was accompanied by other cutaneous involvement?
TBDs may present acute clinical pictures that resemble those of autoimmune diseases (i.e., musculoskeletal symptoms, cutaneous involvement, neurologic impairment, renal failure, etc)., and in some cases infection is considered a triggering factor for autoimmunity (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroid disease, vasculitides).
