From these curricula, 55,710 titles were identified from papers published between the years 1991 and 2012.
Different strengths in curricula design and staff interest in HSR at each SPH were exhibited but a number of common constraints were identified, including out-of-date curricula, face-to-face delivery approaches, inadequate staff competencies, and limited access to materials.
Additional barriers that were identified were related to program-specific curricula decisions stemming from multiple considerations including the relative importance placed on POC ultrasound during EM training and access to well trained teachers.
Some problems were identified including lack of facilities, teacher training, curricula and attitude of the people.
Although key strengths in curricula design were present, common constraints related to limited staff competencies, outdated curricula, face-to-face delivery approaches, and restricted access to materials were identified [ 9].
There has been a tendency in many countries, however, for the curricula of teacher-preparing institutions to be identified with progressive educational ideas.
Despite this, they underlined what had been identified as the fundamental weakness of traditional curricula at the time of curriculum reform.
The concept of RLOs has already been identified as an important issue for new medical curricula abroad [ 18, 19] and they have even been identified as improving learning performance of students studying clinical laboratory sciences [ 20].
Generally, RLOs have been identified as having an important role to play in new medical curricula abroad [ 14, 15].
However, resources presenting valid engineering curricula were limited, and in some cases, they were particularly hard to identify among the plethora of information.
