Current use of leaded gasoline in many parts of the world contributes to local urban soil reservoirs of lead.
The article includes a brief history of the origins of the concepts, current uses in soils and agricultural landscapes, adaptation for use in agroecosystems, and introduces a new integrated framework.
In the study area, which includes the land around Castel Lagopesole, was carried out an archaeological and topographic research about settlements and their lands in the XIII and XIV century (§ 1.-2., by S. Del Lungo); a structural analysis of the rural landscape and a comparison between ancient and current intended use of the soil (§ 3., by C. A. Sabia).
Preservation and sustainable use of soil biological communities represent major challenges in the current agroecological context.
It is concluded that that no current rates of soil erosion that are based upon the use of this technique are reliable, and that 137Cs cannot be used to provide reliable information about rates of soil erosion.
The current system of soil classification, called soil taxonomy, involves hierarchical groupings of soils based on strictly defined types of horizons, temperature, colour, drainage or wetness, chemistry, and mineralogy.
Current estimates of soil ingestion are trace-element specific and vary widely among elements.
Each dimension refers to a specific aspect: contribution to global challenges (Capability), value of the soil (Capital), current state of the soil (Condition), how people are connected to the soil (Connectivity) and development of good policy (Codification).
The contamination likely results from a combination of trace amounts of naturally-occurring arsenic in soil and water, as well as historic and current human uses of the chemical element.
We also use a general index of soil fertility using PCA axes created from analysis of 15 soil variables.
