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Current readout systems are based on mechanical scanning and spectrometric measurements with system sizes suitable for laboratory equipment.
The results of a first prototype chip, CURO I (CUrrent ReadOut), show that the requirements for TESLA are achievable.
The current readout electronics will need to be upgraded to sustain the higher radiation levels expected with the increase of a factor 10 in luminosity at the LHC in the years ∼2017.
Interdigital platinum (Pt) electrodes on top of the dielectric membranes acted as ion emitting layers while flat-plate counter electrodes, positioned at a short distance above them, were used for the current readout.
In this paper, we propose a novel architecture to implement the current readout of DePFET Active Pixel Sensor (APS) matrices to be used in experiments at the European X-ray Free ELaseron Laser (XFEL).
The PPAC has a compact design with an active diameter of 4 cm, a low effective thickness of ∼1 mg/cm2, a spatial resolution in the x and y directions of 1.6 mm, an applicability for all heavy ions with Z≥2, and a large dynamical range in counting rates of up to 109 s−1 due to single particle or current readout, respectively.
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Using CsI(Tl) detectors and photodiode current mode readout, measurements were made of asymmetries in gamma-ray emission following neutron capture on 35Cl, 113Cd, and 139La targets.
In this work, transport and phase-change modeling in PCM cell is reviewed and used to discuss (1) the programming-current reduction through geometry optimization, (2) the trade-off between programming current and readout resistance and (3) the program disturb phenomenon.
Taking into account the detection limit, which is determined by dark current and readout noise of the CCD, as well as light collection efficiency, the minimum detectable number of photons on each pixel is estimated ca 100 phonon/s/cm2 on the surface of the subject under the measurement condition.
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A prototype system with fast steering chips, a current-based readout chip and a 64×128 pixels DEPFET matrix has been built and was operated successfully in the DESY test beam.
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