Current global-scale models are limited because they only implement one-dimensional vertical thaw; rapid subgrid-cell processes such as thermokarst and erosion with strong lateral dynamics are disregarded.
For example it requires much greater evidence and confidence to move from minimal to major improvement than from no change to minimal improvement in most clinicians view and yet they represent similar degrees of improvement on the typical current global assessment scales.
We have presented a simultaneous estimation of the ionospheric equivalent horizontal current and Birkeland current on a global scale from the same set of magnetic field measurements.
The success of this basic comparison introduces the possibility that stereo imaging from space, if well tuned to follow the motion of surface slicks and other surface features within the Sun glitter regime, could provide a future means of observing surface current on a global scale.
Low Earth orbiting geomagnetic satellite missions, such as the Swarm satellite mission, are the only means to monitor and investigate ionospheric currents on a global scale and to make in situ measurements of F region currents.
By that, scientific geomagnetic satellites provide the only means for the quantification of ionospheric currents on a global scale, e.g., during quiet geomagnetic times.
With the advent of high-precision magnetic field observations onboard scientific satellites like on the Ørsted, CHAMP and Swarm constellation missions, it has been possible to discover and investigate ionospheric currents on a global scale with magnetic signals down to a few nanoteslas.
Search for people who have a possible influence on today's world-view and who are important for the theories behind our current actions on a global scale.
We find that on one hand clustering of weak links at the regional scale can significantly aggravate the spread of crises, but on the other hand the current network structure at the global scale harbors higher tolerance of extreme crises compared to more "globalized" random networks.
At the same time, on the global scale, the current structure of global macroeconomic network harbors higher tolerance to extreme crises than the more "globalized" network structures obtained by randomized global networks.
