However, many of current efforts to convert waste biomass into biohythane are still at the bench scale.
Current from 0.6 to 2.5 A (34 141 A m−2) was applied using oxide-coated titanium electrodes in a bench scale electrolysis device.
Bench scale laboratory studies were undertaken.
The counter-current moving-bed operation of the reducer enhances the extent of oxygen carrier conversion, which facilitates the generation of hydrogen as confirmed in lab and bench scale studies.
Heterogeneities of intermediate scale (~ 10− 1 m) are impossible to incorporate in a bench scale experiment.
The model predictions would provide inputs to design of bench scale and pilot plant scale experiments.
Upscaling from bench scale systems to field scale systems incorporates physical and chemical heterogeneities from atomistic up to field scales.
The field results were supported by bench scale model aquifer experiments.
Experiments were carried out on a bench scale fixed bed reactor.
Actual reactor performance results are compared with the formulas derived from bench scale unit test results.
