If you drink caffeinated beverages, take 1 liter of water for every cup of caffeine.
As a result, studies on drowsy drivers have generally compared the restorative benefits of pulling over and napping versus pulling over for a cup of caffeine.
But what if you knew that a $2 cup of caffeine could change someone's day, week or their whole perspective?
We spoke to four New Zealand students sidestepping the taxman in an effort to get booze, food and that necessary cup of caffeine.
I know sugar isn't great for you – Jamie Oliver MBE taught me that years ago – but surely it can't hurt to treat yourself once a day, in the morning, on the way to work, when your brain feels like it's about to deflate like a sad old lilo without the help of a 16oz cup of caffeine and refined sugar?
You will probably find that doing some exercise in the morning is a far better energy booster than your regular cup of caffeine.
Try adding a little cinnamon to your coffee grounds in the morning to get a cinnamon-flavored cup of caffeine, or mix it into smoothies, diet shakes, and dairy-based blended drinks to get an extra dose of cinnamon in your day.
Participants with little or no caffeine circulating in their bloodstreams were far more likely to have progressed to full-blown Alzheimer's than those whose blood indicated they'd had about three cups' worth of caffeine.
She tried range-of-motion physical therapy, stress-reduction courses, psychiatric treatment, yoga and meditation and consumed 3,200 milligrams of ibuprofen a day, along with 12 cups of coffee (caffeine is a treatment for migraines).
At low to moderate doses (50 to 300 mg, i.e. 1 to 3 cups of coffee), caffeine induces a central stimulation in humans, eliciting feelings of wellbeing, alertness, energy and ability to concentrate.
