The buffer HEPES, used widely for malaria parasite culture, is also present (and highly abundant) in iRBCs infected with all strains.
Several indirect associations through own and host culture competence were also present, and thus such culture competences played a larger role among Pakistanis than among Iranians.
The rhamnolipid congeners detected in the culture extracts were also present in the rhamnolipid standard, which previously facilitated the identification of the congeners produced by the ST5 strain when grown in MSM supplemented with glycerol (Ndlovu 2017).
Several indirect associations through own and host culture competence were also present, as the associations between those variables and drinking frequency were significant.
In addition, we consistently observed a large percentage of TRAP-positive mononuclear cells in PLCγ2−/− osteoclast cultures (Fig. 2c), and such cells were also present in the PLCγ2−/− osteoclast cultures shown by Mao et al. [ 42] and Chen et al. [ 43].
The yogurt starter, symbiotic cultures, S. thermophilus, and L. bulgaricus were also present in the final product at levels >10 cfu/g.
Minor foci producing proliferating cells were also present in culture 2.0AA.
Mature anorexigenic neurons expressing POMC and CART were also present in hypothalamic cultures derived from plated neurospheres (Figure 5-E and 5-G, respectively) as observed by co-localization with mature neurons marker NeuN (Figure 5-E merge and 5-G merge, respectively).
However, in the light of a reported Kd ranging from 4 to 300 nM for gp120 binding to CXCR4 and CCR5 in the absence of CD4, it is more likely that the majority of these effects were mediated via intermediary cells, such as macrophages, which were also present in our cultures (Supplementary Fig. S3).
To assess the degree of variation in chromosome copy number, the proportion of cells with copy numbers outside the modal number was evaluated (Lengauer et al, 1997); in cases where karyotypically normal cells were also present in the cultures, the disomic cells were included in the stem line.
