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Short-term live imaging over a couple of days at most is possible on cultured brain slices, whereas neurospheres or primary cultures allow longer term imaging, but the speed and modes of cell division are obviously modified under these non-physiological conditions (Pastrana et al., 2011).
Transient exposure of cultured brain cells to FGF2 increased myelination in vitro.
For example, whilst investigating the influence of carnosine on cultured brain tumour cells, Gaunitz and co-workers discovered that its addition inhibited cell growth due to the large decline in glycolytically-synthesized ATP [25, 26].
In this research, a novel implantable imaging system for fluorescence potentiometry was developed using a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, and its application to the analysis of cultured brain slices and the brain of a living mouse is described.
To complement the findings from humans and in vivo experimentation, my laboratory group has investigated the effects of repeated trauma in cultured brain cells using a model of stretch-induced mechanical injury in vitro.
To test that idea, they first cultured brain cells from embryonic mice, added a standardized ginkgo biloba extract, and tested to see how well the lab-grown neurons survived oxidative stress.
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To this end, we performed high-resolution 4D live imaging to analyze real-time DCN axon branch formation by pairing the brain explant culture technique with resonant confocal microscopy of the cultured brains in a closed perfusion chamber (Williamson and Hiesinger, 2010).
This study was designed to investigate possible prevention of apoptotic cell death by selenium, an antioxidant, using cultured brain-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and an experimental mouse brain trauma (BT) model.
Previous imaging in cultured brains established high-resolution imaging in short developmental time windows (Medioni et al., 2015; Zschätzsch, et al., 2014 and over long periods at low resolution and with slow time lapse (Rabinovich et al., 2015), thus preventing in depth analysis of the role of filopodial dynamics during an entire neural circuit assembly process.
This study was designed to assess the ability of PPF to protect primary-cultured brain cells against iron-mediated toxicity.
Whatever the genotype studied, in vitro-cultured brain microvascular pericytes exhibited their characteristic irregular morphology and were positive for the alpha-smooth muscle actin and nerve-glial antigen 2 (NG2), which are markers previously used to identify this cell type [ 19, 20].
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