Exact(9)
Ten to 15 days later, the pACTSV2 transfected cells showed unequivocal signs of immortalization that were maintained for at least 30 passages regardless of whether the cells were kept in culture continuously or repeatedly freeze-stored and cultured again.
Culture continuously evolves over time and remains tied to the historic development of the department and its past culture.
Instead of sparging gas and/or circulating the culture continuously, energy savings are realized by duty cycling these operations based on the needs of the algae culture for mixing, ensuring suspension of the culture, and providing adequate CO2.
This work was totally based on an in vitro model for chronic toxicity, using long-term S. aurata hepatocytes in primary culture, continuously exposed to low levels of BaP, over a prolonged period of time, to provide evidences for latent toxicity response.
The results obtained are shown in Figure 4. Control cells confirmed production of IL-5, IL-13 and no IFN-γ, while cells kept in culture continuously with the cytokines confirmed 98% and 74% inhibition of IL-5 and IL-13 production, respectively, and a 11-fold increase for IFN-γ.
Anaerobic conditions were maintained by sparging the culture continuously with nitrogen (purity 5.0, 0.16 vvm).
Similar(51)
This bioenergetic switch is especially important for osteogenic differentiation of MSCs as reported by Kowaltowski et al. (Tahara et al., 2009), and the ATP content of maturing cultures continuously increases along with nodule morphogenesis.
Importantly, the cultures initiated in broth containing 1% DFMO that were then switched to plain medium at 6 h were able to recover very quickly, so that by 12 h of additional growth they had attained the same growth rate as the cultures continuously grown without DFMO (generation time of 4.4 h vs. 4.5 h, p = 0.363).
In contrast, 42-90% of osteoclast precursors exhibited nuclear NFATc1 in cultures continuously treated with RANKL.
In the second experimental system, six independent anther-derived calli were randomly selected and each was divided into 3 pieces that were respectively subjected to three different culturing conditions: group I - culturing on subculture medium for 28 days, group II - culturing on differentiation medium for 28 days, and group III - culturing continuously on subculture medium for 80 days.
Because we used a full transcriptome microarray designed on the basis of previous dRNAseq analysis [ 11] and the prediction of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) [ 12, 13], we were able to measure the differential expression not only of mRNAs, but also of putative antisense RNAs (asRNAs) and ncRNAs in cultures continuously producing ethanol.
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