The herbs from different species and cultivation locations are widely used in clinical applications.
Identifying the reasonable cultivation locations, appropriate bioenergy crop types, and optimal management practices can be beneficial to environment and sustainable development of bioenergy.
Table 1 provides direct WDs for the examined cultivation locations.
Comprehensive LCA was performed on 21 cultivation locations, spanning seven states: (AL, AZ, CA, FL, GA, LA, & TX).
Data concerning the regional electricity mix for the cultivation locations was gathered from the EPA's "Power Profiler", based off the 2007 Emissions and Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) [ 49].
Multiple cultivation locations across the United States (U.S). as well as cultivation and harvesting options are modeled to investigate the extent to which these parameters affect the overall energy balance, GHG emissions, and direct water demand of microalgal biomass production, and identify opportunities for process improvements along the algae supply chain.
Although cultivation locations, such as Arizona, have significantly higher algal growth rates as compared to other examined locations, the energy and GHG impact of producing microalgal feedstock on a per MJ basis for a given production pathway is not significantly different amongst examined locations.
The model allows optimizing economic performances and minimize financial risk on investment by identifying the best network topology in terms of biomass cultivation site locations, ethanol production plant capacities, location and transport logistics.
Collections included wild, cultivated, ornamental, and irrigated locations, which were taken into consideration while fitting the model (ie, cultivated locations were not used to guide fitting the climate niche as cultivation can mitigate environmental stochasticity [20]).
The strategic decisions such as land allocation for switchgrass cultivation, biorefinery locations and capacities, and the biomass-to-bioethanol conversion pathway are determined for each planning period which are staggered across the entire planning horizon.
This suggests that the Borana pastoral way of life is gradually shifting from more dependence on livestock keeping to crop cultivation in some locations.
