The specializations of mining and metalworking could evolve only after cultivation efforts created yields that could exceed subsistence levels.
Such studies emphasize the large disparity with cultivation efforts, as <1% of the observed viral populations are represented in culture2,3,10,11.
Microbe cultivation efforts have failed to recover many of the microörganisms that predominate in a variety of natural and man-made settings.
Although Oceanospirillales has repeatedly eluded cultivation efforts (Mason et al., 2012; Gutierrez et al., 2013), sequencing revealed the dominant pathway encoded in the core single-cell genome for this taxon was cyclohexane degradation.
Cultivation efforts at large scale are intensive and costly, therefore the consortium developed tools and models to assess the productivity of strains under various environmental conditions, at lab scale, and validated these against scaled outdoor production systems.
The cultivation efforts within the National Alliance for Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts (NAABB) were developed to provide four major goals for the consortium, which included biomass production for downstream experimentation, development of new assessment tools for cultivation, development of new cultivation reactor technologies, and development of methods for robust cultivation.
In 2009, Mr. Lefevre was among the authors of a white paper saying that industry oversight to ensure the use of dogs, combined with cultivation efforts and careful management of the truffle habitat, could raise the value of Oregon's crop (worth $300,000 to harvesters at the time) a hundredfold by 2030, and benefit the region's economy through increased sales, exports and culinary tourism.
This interpretation seems roughly in accord with Mencius' likening moral development to the growth of sprouts that need the appropriate water, soil and cultivation efforts.
Although Yuan has relied on conventional breeding techniques in the past, the information gleaned from the sequencing should enhance cultivation efforts.
It is therefore imperative that while supporting intensification and increases in crop cultivation, efforts are also geared towards integrated livestock-crop production systems in the sub-region.
