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We present a detailed analysis of CTC composition and diversity in pancreatic cancer, using single-cell RNA-seq.
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None of the enrichment methods reported have the capability to enrich all three types of CTCs, either because of the enrichment antibody selection or the identification antibody selection, which will cause incomplete CTC profiling (the composition of different CTC types) and CTC downstream analysis for individual patients [ 6, 16, 29, 35, 50].
Surprisingly, little is known about CTC glycocalyx thickness and composition, and subsequent glycocalyx-mediated CTC resistance to therapeutics.
The detection of changes in clonal composition by CTC analyses during drug therapy further demonstrate that real-time tumour genotyping is possible with this technique.
Thus the effects of glycocalyx thickness and composition on CTC adhesion, and subsequent formation of distant metastases, are not fully elucidated and deserve further study.
The cytogenetic composition of CTCs can be assessed with interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) [ 35, 36].
Tensile testing measurements illustrated the reinforcing behaviour of the CTC on the composite, with the initial modulus increasing by up to 250% at 45 wt% CTC.
By direct visualization of the hybridization pattern within cells, CTCs with epithelial and mesenchymal composition could be identified.
The present paper investigates CTC using such commodity cameras.
In accordance, a recent study showed that CTCs of breast cancer patients exhibit dynamic changes in epithelial and mesenchymal composition and that the presence of CTCs in EMT state was associated with disease progression [ 42].
Recently, it was showed that CTCs exhibit dynamic changes in epithelial and mesenchymal composition [ 21].
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