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The mortar with the best performance consists of medium aggregates and a binder to aggregate ratio equal to 0.33; pores around 0.2 μm of radius enable salts to crystallize without provoking damage from crystallization pressure.
Which of these outcomes emerges in specific cases is determined in part by the "crystallization pressure", which creates local gradients in pressure around growing crystals, and thus a differential stress.
Fast evaporation (due to low RH conditions) and the high degree of solution supersaturation reached in micropores before thenardite precipitation result in high crystallization pressure generation and greater damage to porous materials than mirabilite, which crystallizes at lower supersaturation ratios and generally as efflorescence.
No one has measured such crystallization pressure.
That "crystallization pressure" may be just the thing that takes chips off the old block.
Crystallization pressure theory has often been referred to as the most likely mechanism.
Similar(38)
The high degree of fracturing of the underlying host rock suggests an initial penetration of Ca-rich solutions in the outer pores, then producing crystallization pressures during water evaporation up to rock failure.
Next, crystallization pressures from the surrounding matrix displace grains non-uniformly, promoting stochastic contacts or 'knocking' of ooids against one another and against the soil matrix.
In the microscale pore system, the development of crystallization pressures at subcooling temperatures were calculated using the interface energy balance with the principles of thermodynamics.
For pressures of crystallization below 0.5 kbar the melting point observed is characteristic of the α-phase, whereas for crystallization pressures above 0.9 kbar the values are typical of the γ-phase.
The resulting isotactic-rich PpMS could form crystal morphology with 10 ∼ 30 μm in size by flow-induced crystallization under pressure at 180 °C.
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